Hysterosalpingography observations in female genital tuberculosis with infertility

Hysterosalpingography observations in female genital tuberculosis with infertility

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Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is radiographic evaluation of uterine cavity and tubal patency.Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and utilisation of HSG in female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) with infertility.Settings and moondrop quarks Design: The study was conducted in a tertiary referral centre of North India.Materials and Methods: It was a prospective study on 87 cases of FGTB with infertility.

Diagnosis of FGTB was made by composite reference standard using the presence of acid-fast bacilli on microscopy/culture or positive GeneXpert, positive polymerase chain reaction or epithelioid granuloma on endometrial biopsy or definitive or probable findings on laparoscopy or hysteroscopy.Statistical Analysis Used: Suitable statistical methods were used with STATA software version 12.0.Results: HSG findings were normal in 49 (56.

32%) cases.There were filling defects in 14 (16.09%), short and shrunken cavity in 4 (4.49%), intrauterine synechiae swish supreme glide track white in 14 (16.

09%), T-shaped cavity in 3 (3.44%) and deformed uterine cavity in 5 (5.74%) cases.Fallopian tube findings were hydrosalpinx in 12 (13.

79%) and 11 (12.64%) cases, beading of tube in 4 (4.59%) and 2 (2.29%) cases, pipestem appearance in 2 (2.

29%) cases each and Maltese cross appearance in 3 (3.44%) and 2 (2.29%) cases, respectively.Tubal blockage was seen in 69 (79.

31%) and 67 (77.01%) cases being cornual block in 28 (32.18%) and 26 (29.88%) cases, mid-tubal block in 16 (18.

39%) and 15 (17.24%) cases, multiple blocks in 10 (11.49%) and 12 (13.79%) cases and fimbrial block in 15 (17.

24%) and 14 (16.09%) cases.None of the cases had flare-up of the disease after HSG in the current study.Conclusion: HSG is a useful modality in FGTB with infertility.